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We'll cover the following:
An online movie ticket booking system facilitates the purchasing of movie tickets to its customers. E-ticketing systems allow customers to browse through movies currently playing and book seats, anywhere and anytime.
Movie Ticket Booking System" width="" />
Movie Ticket Booking System
Our ticket booking service should meet the following requirements:
We have five main Actors in our system:
Here are the top use cases of the Movie Ticket Booking System:
Here is the use case diagram of Movie Ticket Booking System:
Use Case Diagram for Movie Ticket Booking System
Here are the main classes of the Movie Ticket Booking System:
Movie Ticket Booking System Class Diagram" width="" />
Class Diagram for Movie Ticket Booking System
UML for Movie Ticket Booking System
Make a booking: Any customer can perform this activity. Here are the steps to book a ticket for a show:
Activity Diagram for Movie Ticket Booking System Make Booking
Cancel a booking: Customer can cancel their bookings. Here are the steps to cancel a booking:
Activity Diagram for Movie Ticket Booking System Cancel Booking
Here are the high-level definitions for the classes described above.
Enums, data types, and constants: Here are the required enums, data types, and constants:
from enum import Enum class BookingStatus(Enum): REQUESTED, PENDING, CONFIRMED, CHECKED_IN, CANCELED, ABANDONED = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 class SeatType(Enum): REGULAR, PREMIUM, ACCESSIBLE, SHIPPED, EMERGENCY_EXIT, OTHER = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 class AccountStatus(Enum): ACTIVE, BLOCKED, BANNED, COMPROMISED, ARCHIVED, UNKNOWN = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 class PaymentStatus(Enum): UNPAID, PENDING, COMPLETED, FILLED, DECLINED, CANCELLED, ABANDONED, SETTLING, SETTLED, REFUNDED = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 class Address: def __init__(self, street, city, state, zip_code, country): self.__street_address = street self.__city = city self.__state = state self.__zip_code = zip_code self.__country = country
Account, Customer, Admin, FrontDeskOfficer, and Guest: These classes represent the different people that interact with our system:
from abc import ABC from .constants import AccountStatus # For simplicity, we are not defining getter and setter functions. The reader can # assume that all class attributes are private and accessed through their respective # public getter methods and modified only through their public methods function. class Account: def __init__(self, id, password, status=AccountStatus.Active): self.__id = id self.__password = password self.__status = status def reset_password(self): None # from abc import ABC, abstractmethod class Person(ABC): def __init__(self, name, address, email, phone, account): self.__name = name self.__address = address self.__email = email self.__phone = phone self.__account = account class Customer(Person): def make_booking(self, booking): None def get_bookings(self): None class Admin(Person): def add_movie(self, movie): None def add_show(self, show): None def block_user(self, customer): None class FrontDeskOfficer(Person): def create_booking(self, booking): None class Guest: def register_account(self): None
Show and Movie: A movie will have many shows:
from datetime import datetime class Show: def __init__(self, id, played_at, movie, start_time, end_time): self.__show_id = id self.__created_on = datetime.date.today() self.__start_time = start_time self.__end_time = end_time self.__played_at = played_at self.__movie = movie class Movie: def __init__(self, title, description, duration_in_mins, language, release_date, country, genre, added_by): self.__title = title self.__description = description self.__duration_in_mins = duration_in_mins self.__language = language self.__release_date = release_date self.__country = country self.__genre = genre self.__movie_added_by = added_by self.__shows = [] def get_shows(self): None
Booking, ShowSeat, and Payment: Customers will reserve seats with a booking and make a payment:
from datetime import datetime from .cinema import CinemaHallSeat class Booking: def __init__(self, booking_number, number_of_seats, status, show, show_seats, payment): self.__booking_number = booking_number self.__number_of_seats = number_of_seats self.__created_on = datetime.date.today() self.__status = status self.__show = show self.__seats = show_seats self.__payment = payment def make_payment(self, payment): None def cancel(self): None def assign_seats(self, seats): None class ShowSeat(CinemaHallSeat): def __init__(self, id, is_reserved, price): self.__show_seat_id = id self.__is_reserved = is_reserved self.__price = price class Payment: def __init__(self, amount, transaction_id, payment_status): self.__amount = amount self.__created_on = datetime.date.today() self.__transaction_id = transaction_id self.__status = payment_status
City, Cinema, CinemaHall and CinemaHallSeat: Each city can have many cinemas and each cinema can have many cinema halls:
class City: def __init__(self, name, state, zip_code): self.__name = name self.__state = state self.__zip_code = zip_code class Cinema: def __init__(self, name, total_cinema_halls, address, halls): self.__name = name self.__total_cinema_halls = total_cinema_halls self.__location = address self.__halls = halls class CinemaHall: def __init__(self, name, total_seats, seats, shows): self.__name = name self.__total_seats = total_seats self.__seats = seats self.__shows = shows class CinemaHallSeat: def __init__(self, id, seat_type): self.__hall_seat_id = id self.__seat_type = seat_type
Search interface and Catalog: Catalog will implement Search to facilitate searching of products.
from abc import ABC class Search(ABC): def search_by_title(self, title): None def search_by_language(self, language): None def search_by_genre(self, genre): None def search_by_release_date(self, rel_date): None def search_by_city(self, city_name): None class Catalog(Search): def __init__(self): self.__movie_titles = <> self.__movie_languages = <> self.__movie_genres = <> self.__movie_release_dates = <> self.__movie_cities = <> def search_by_title(self, title): return self.__movie_titles.get(title) def search_by_language(self, language): return self.__movie_languages.get(language) # . def search_by_city(self, city_name): return self.__movie_cities.get(city_name)
How to handle concurrency; such that no two users are able to book the same seat?
We can use transactions in SQL databases to avoid any clashes. For example, if we are using SQL server we can utilize Transaction Isolation Levels to lock the rows before we update them. Note: within a transaction, if we read rows we get a write-lock on them so that they can’t be updated by anyone else. Here is the sample code:
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE; BEGIN TRANSACTION; -- Suppose we intend to reserve three seats (IDs: 54, 55, 56) for ShowID=99 Select * From ShowSeat where ShowID=99 && ShowSeatID in (54, 55, 56) && isReserved=0 -- if the number of rows returned by the above statement is NOT three, we can return failure to the user. update ShowSeat table. update Booking table . COMMIT TRANSACTION;
‘Serializable’ is the highest isolation level and guarantees safety from Dirty, Nonrepeatable, and Phantoms reads.
Once the above database transaction is successful, we can safely assume that the reservation has been marked successfully and no two customers will be able to reserve the same seat.
